Variegation in plants refers to the phenomenon where leaves, stems, or flowers display two or more distinct colors or patterns. This can occur in various forms and is often a sought-after trait in ornamental plants.

Types of Variegation

1. Chimeral Variegation: This occurs when a plant has genetically different cells in different parts. For example, some cells may produce green chlorophyll while others do not, leading to patches of white or yellow.
2. Mosaic Variegation: In this type, the variegation appears as a mosaic pattern, often due to the uneven distribution of chlorophyll. This can be caused by environmental factors or genetic mutations.
3. Striped Variegation: This type features stripes of different colors, often green and white or yellow. It can be a result of specific genetic traits that affect chlorophyll production in certain areas.
4. Marginal Variegation: Here, the edges of the leaves are a different color than the center. This can create a striking contrast and is common in many ornamental plants.

Causes of Variegation

• Genetic Mutations: Many variegated plants arise from spontaneous mutations that affect chlorophyll production.
• Environmental Factors: Light exposure, temperature, and nutrient availability can influence variegation. For instance, some plants may show more variegation when grown in lower light conditions.
• Viral Infections: Certain viruses can cause variegation by disrupting normal cellular functions, leading to uneven chlorophyll distribution.