Spring flowering alpines dazzle with their beauty. Not only do their jewel-like flowers shine out against rugged stone when little else in the garden is blooming, but their small stature and intricate detail are deeply enthralling.
A stroll through the rock garden at The New York Botanical Garden early in the year shows the instant appeal of these delicate yet hardy blooms. Too good to miss out on, why not introduce these exquisite plants at home, either as part crevice garden or potted alpine display.
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Mountain Rock Cress
(Image credit: Getty Images/ FactoryTh)
A mass of fragrant snowy white flowers graces this evergreen perennial from March to May. Mat forming plus drought tolerant, arabis caucasica needs little attention and will positively thrive in poor soil.
Attractive to pollinators, this rock garden plant will draw in early appearing butterflies and bees.
Reaching a height and width of 4-20 inches (10-50cm) it loves a sunny spot. Hardy with compact grey-green foliage mountain rock cress will happily spill over rockeries, path and border edges.
Trim back after flowering to keep it looking neat and tidy using sharp hand garden shears, such as these from Amazon.
Rock Soapwort
(Image credit: Getty Images/ Alex Manders)
With it’s soft grey-green leaves and low, clump forming habit, perennial Saponaria ocymoides is a stunning and easy going option for any rock garden. Loved by pollinators, it’s a deer resistant ground cover plant too.
‘Rock soapwort’s “masses of rosy blooms” (William Robinson) above its 6” height and 18” spread, bloom in May and again in summer if you cut it back half-way after flowering,’ suggests nursery owner Elizabeth Adelman.
‘Native to mountains in Spain and central Europe, it grows in sun in moist-well drained to dry soil. In the 17th century the leaves were used for soap and today by antique restorers.’
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Stemless Gentian
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Glamorous with deep blue blooms, this alpine is unmissable. ‘Home to mid-way up European mountains, the Stemless gentian or Trumpet gentian, Gentiana acaulis, prefers sunny areas in northern, cool climates and afternoon shade in the south,’ says Elizabeth.
‘Glossy, evergreen foliage carpets a foot-long territory of moist, well-drained, gritty soil. In May and June its 9” tall; rich, royal blue trumpet-shaped flowers flare open to welcome pollinators.’
Best suited to USDA Hardiness zones 3a-7a, this perennial will cope with a wide range of different climates and but will struggle in boggy conditions, so be sure to add grit such as perlite from Walmart when planting.
Elizabeth Adelman
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Owner of Heritage Flower Farm
Elizabeth Adelman, owner of Heritage Flower Farm, an award-winning nursery growing heirloom perennial flowers. Its plants grow in Canada’s Royal Botanic Garden, the Smithsonian, the Governor’s Palace in Colonial Williamsburg, and gardens around the United States. She is also the author of recently published Chasing Lewis’s Monkeyflower, the 200-year story of finding, losing, and finding again, the plants of the Lewis and Clark Expedition involving ambition, deceit, theft, wealth, debt, alcoholism, suicide, serendipity, luck, and stubborn persistence.
Moss Phlox
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Offering a vibrant splash of color each spring and summer, Phlox subulata should top everyone’s rock garden wish list.
‘Creeping phlox, I think, is one of the best ground cover plants,’ says plant expert, Lauren Carvalho. ‘It can help to knit a design together, adding interest to the edges of borders and paths, and adding a pop of color or texture to cracks and crevices where other plants might perish.’
Often known as rock phlox and mountain pink, it’s star-shaped blooms blanket the blue-green needle-like foliage, spilling gently over rocks, boulders and between paving slabs. Reaching heights of only 6 inches (15cm) with a spread of 20 in (50cm) it is well behaved and can be kept in check with a regular trim.
Lauren Carvalho
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Horticultural Manager
Lauren is the Horticultural Manager for High Country Gardens. Beginning as an organic produce farmer in the Southwest, she developed a fascination with reducing the use of pesticides through using beneficial insects. This led to a life-altering opportunity learning to propagate native and pollinator-friendly, habitat-providing plants under the tutelage of Horticulturalist David Salman.
Pyrenean Violet
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Also known as Hardy African Violets, spot a cluster of these in full bloom and you will be mesmerized by their cheery five petalled blooms dancing on their wiry stems.
‘These hardy African violets, Ramonda myconi, are at home embedded in cool, shaded cliffsides,’ says plant expert Esther Wrightman. ‘Their clusters of open-faced purple, sometimes pink and white, flowers hang delicately above crinkled rosettes of furry leaves.’
Often called the ‘Resurrection Plant’, this plant has the unnerving ability for shrivelled brown leaves to turn green again within hours of rain falling.
One of the best plants for a crevice garden, each plant will spread between 4 to 20 inches (10-50cm) with flower stems reaching 4 inches (10cm) high, over two to three years. ‘Give them time and they just get better with age,’ Esther adds.
Esther Wrightman
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Alpine Plant Nursery Owner
Esther Wrightman is the second generation owner of Wrightman Alpines Nursery, a mail order business that has been in operation since 1985, located in New Brunswick, Canada. Year round, cold hardy alpine plants are propagated from seed sourced from intrepid collectors who discover these miniature plants on mountain ledges and arctic screes around the world. They are carefully packed and mailed to customers across Canada and the USA.
Pasqueflower
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No spring garden should be without pulsatilla vulgaris, filling pots, borders and rock gardens with a dash of purple flower power, through April and May.
With their large, silky petals encircling a bright yellow centre, these hairy leaved perennials attract a wide range of pollinators including bumble, solitary and honeybees.
Growing to 8 inches (20cm) high and wide, the dwarf plants are best placed at the front of rock gardens or close to a path where they can be appreciated. Fully hardy, they prefer a sunny spot in USDA Hardiness zones 4-8.
Lewisia
(Image credit: Getty Images/ Angela Emanuelsson)
A genus hailing from Northwest America, with 16 species, Lewisia are tough, low growing perennials well adapted to growing in rocky cracks and crevices.
Lewisia redivi is the beautiful state flower of Montana, with solitary soft-pink flowers consisting of up to 19 individual petals but evergreen Lewisia cotyledon is the easiest and most colorful type to grow.
Favoring a sunny spot with well-drained soil, these plants with their delightfully crinkled leaves and branching flower stems, reaching up to 12in (30cm) tall, are captivating to grow.
Choose from delicate apricot, soft pink through to deep scarlet and cerise. We love these lewisia seeds from Walmart.
Tempted to make room for alpines in your yard, but you only have a small smave to work with? Then discover how to start a crevice garden or how to create a rock garden in a container.
Shop Alpine Starter Plants
‘Fire Spinner’ is a vibrant type of ice plant with daisy-like flowers in orange and pink. It’s drought-resistant, has evergreen foliage, and attracts pollinators. It does best in full sun and thrives across US hardiness zones 5-10.
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Red creeping thyme is a versatile plant, growing in well in rock gardens, in containers, and as ground cover. From late spring, it’s adorned with vibrant red-pink blooms. It’s drought-tolerant, can be grown across US hardiness zones 4-9, and thrives in full sun.
‘Flaming Carpet’ is a creeping plant that works well in rock and alpine gardens. It blooms with star-shaped pink and yellow flowers in summer that last until frost. It’s cold hardy, thriving across US hardiness zones 3-8, and enjoys a full sun position.
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